If your business is in possession of data that is considered proprietary or confidential, limiting access to that data is vital. Access control is essential for any organization that has employees who connect to the Internet. The most basic definition of access control is an exclusive restriction of information to certain users and in certain circumstances as explained by Daniel Crowley, head of research for IBM’s X-Force Red team that focuses on data security. There are two main components: authorization and authentication.
Authentication is the process of verifying that the person you are trying to gain access to is who they claim to be. It also includes the verification of a password or other credentials that need to be supplied prior to granting access to a network, application, file or system.
Authorization is the act of granting access based on a particular job function within the company for example, engineering, HR or marketing. The most efficient and popular method of limiting access is to use the use of role-based access control. This kind of access is governed by policies that specify the required information for certain business tasks and assigns permission to the appropriate roles.
If you have a standardized access control policy in place it is easier to monitor and manage changes as they occur. It is crucial to ensure that the policies are clearly communicated to staff to encourage careful handling of sensitive information, and to establish an procedure for removing access when an employee quits the company and/or changes their job or is terminated.
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